Archive for October, 2008

Home Built Hydrogen Economy

October 30, 2008

The buzz around fuel economy enhancements using under-the-hood hydrogen generators caught me by surprize. Car Talk answered a question in the weekly radio show, without dismissing it, and several friends and associates asked questions or related stories of “research”.

Laws of Thermodynamics instantly convert these schemes to something very much like perpetual motion machines, Not worth any investment of time, money, or energy.

In the eBay Universe, it is a different world but hydrogen generators and fuel economy schemes are evaluated by articles for more practical reasons. This particular writer covers a lot of implementation ground and earned his opinion by an investment of $5000 in fuel economy purchases, he says.


http://reviews.ebay.com/Hydrogen-Generator-Economy-Device-SCAMS


A piece of the review:

“I have tested many systems and put over $5000 into it all, I have built many different cells and tried many electronics. I have come to a conclusion that as of yet, there is no system out there worth “investing” into just yet. The reason for this is that the energy your car has to spend turning an alternator at full load is equal to running your a/c compressor full time and the fact that your battery suffers from this is even more costly. Add it all up and this “investment” isnt quite that. The cleaning of the cell and the measuring of electrolyte is also time consuming.”

Anyway, if you want to play, here’s a lab guide from PBS that will allow you to make very explosive hydrogen gas on your countertop- www.pbs.org/saf/1403/teaching/teach3.pdf . The apparatus looks like this:

Running Out of Gas

October 29, 2008

A recumbent trike is a great platform for building a low weight, efficient EV and these fine folks let me take one out on a nearby rails-to-trails pathway:

My ride:

TerraTrike

TerraTrike

I still have “permission” to purchase, but the drop in gas prices and the crispness in the air (and what is ahead) have shifted my focus indoors and I realize that my Merida would benefit from a windshield, battery and system upgrades and modifications, and could even take extra fairings and maybe I ought to get ambitious with what I have.

The Merida project was supposed to help my understanding of electric vehicle dynamics. More than batteries and motors, my simple Merida has a microprocessor in the controller, a petal pressure feedback system regulating current to the motor, and some simple display elements. Together with the hub gearing, there is plenty yet to learn and I haven’t even fabricated my first plastic windscreen yet.

Use of the EV bike versus my recumbent combined with safety issues and usage gives me some pause too. I bike for exercise and as motivate recreational travel for visits to feed my bike trail rides collection. I logged 840 miles on my recumbent and 180 on the Merida this season. The Merida was almost all for store trips while the Vision ‘bent’ was nearly all recreation. I put less than 20 miles on my hybrid bike. My wife is not much interested in bicycling. A fourth bike makes little sense at the moment.

The idea of saving energy with an alternative Electric Vehicle by purchasing a trike to convert doesn’t quite fit – yet. The link below gives a little more weight to the idea that food energy needs to be taken into account in the big picture. Entering my personal data resulted in a food fuel economy rating of 36 MPG, about the same as a hybrid. Enter the data for yourself:

36 miles per gallon

Created by The Car Connection

More New EV Math

October 19, 2008

MINI E finally official, 500 available soon for US test drivers

The much-anticipated, well-expected MINI E — the first all-electric MINI — is headed our way before you know it. BMW’s built itself a decent performer, offering 204 hp of electric motor in a setup quite similar to the Tesla. The car boasts a 150 mile range off its 35 kWh lithium-ion battery pack, can hit 62 mph in 8.5 seconds, and does a full charge off of an included high current charging station in a mere 2.5 hours. There’s naturally a regenerative braking system on board to help beef up the battery in city driving. BMW plans on leasing 500 of these to commercial and private customers in California, New York and New Jersey sometime early 2009, and Europe might get a crack at the car soon after that. No word yet on when we’ll see this car ready for the masses, but perhaps we’ll get more info when the MINI E makes its “debut” at the LA Auto Show next month.
Anyone who has driven a MINI knows that the back seat is for small kids or occasional use only. For the purposes of this electric version, that is no longer an issue as that area has been completely consumed by the battery pack. The pack itself has a capacity of 35 kWh and judging by the description the company has used a similar set up to the Tesla Roadster. Instead of larger cells specifically designed for automotive applications, this pack uses 5,088 cells arranged in 48 modules. As always, charging time depends on the current and voltage of the outlet the car is plugged into. MINI will be supplying a high current charging station with the cars that can be installed in the driver’s garage to facilitate quicker charges, providing a full charge in 2.5 hours. The regenerative braking system can provide three-quarters of the braking requirements when running in urban stop and go driving. Aside from the battery pack replacing the rear seat and the yellow trim, the main change inside is a battery meter that replaces the tachometer in front of the driver.
The complete post with comments is here.

Fuel Efficiency and Human Powered Vehicles

October 15, 2008

There is a comment in a post below that introduces the idea that bicycling may consume more fuel taking a car. Sounds absurd until you figure in the true costs of food:

“After cars, the food system uses more fossil fuel than any other sector of the economy — 19 percent. And while the experts disagree about the exact amount, the way we feed ourselves contributes more greenhouse gases to the atmosphere than anything else we do — as much as 37 percent, according to one study. Whenever farmers clear land for crops and till the soil, large quantities of carbon are released into the air. But the 20th-century industrialization of agriculture has increased the amount of greenhouse gases emitted by the food system by an order of magnitude; chemical fertilizers (made from natural gas), pesticides (made from petroleum), farm machinery, modern food processing and packaging and transportation have together transformed a system that in 1940 produced 2.3 calories of food energy for every calorie of fossil-fuel energy it used into one that now takes 10 calories of fossil-fuel energy to produce a single calorie of modern supermarket food. Put another way, when we eat from the industrial-food system, we are eating oil and spewing greenhouse gases. This state of affairs appears all the more absurd when you recall that every calorie we eat is ultimately the product of photosynthesis — a process based on making food energy from sunshine.”

Source:

The Food Issue New York Times Magazine

Ernestly Trying to Velomobile

October 6, 2008

Even though gas prices are falling, or because of that, the electric car or NGV/hybrid no longer seems like a good place to hobby about. Fairings for recumbents proved fruitful, and these links provided plenty of reference and browsing material:

http://ybwhour.com/2008/04/25/wanted-inexpensive-diy-velo-shell-for-recumbent-trike/

http://www.velomobiling.com/

http://www.ihpva.org/wiki/index.php?title=Open_Source_Velomobile_Development_Project

http://www.go-one.us/index.html

Here you have plenty of links, link filled and full of lots of nice juicy information. As a last tease, here is a video of another source from outside of the U.S.A.

Electric Vehicle Picture Collection

October 5, 2008

View the collection of electric vehicles with the “Electric Vehicles on Parade” page listed in the right hand column. My favorite:

Bailout Bill of 2008 Plug in Car, Bicycle Commute Provisions

October 4, 2008

From the full text of the “Bailout Bill of 2008” related to Electric Cars:

10 ‘‘SEC. 30D. NEW QUALIFIED PLUG-IN ELECTRIC DRIVE
11                MOTOR VEHICLES.
12      ‘‘(a) ALLOWANCE OF CREDIT.—
13            ‘‘(1) IN                   shall be allowed as a
GENERAL.—There
14      credit against the tax imposed by this chapter for
15      the taxable year an amount equal to the applicable
16      amount with respect to each new qualified plug-in
17      electric drive motor vehicle placed in service by the
18      taxpayer during the taxable year.
19            ‘‘(2) APPLICABLE                    purposes of
AMOUNT.—For
20      paragraph (1), the applicable amount is sum of—
21                  ‘‘(A) $2,500, plus
22                  ‘‘(B) $417 for each kilowatt hour of trac-
23            tion battery capacity in excess of 4 kilowatt
24            hours.

4     ‘‘(c) NEW QUALIFIED PLUG-IN ELECTRIC DRIVE
5 MOTOR VEHICLE.—For purposes of this section, the term
6 ‘new qualified plug-in electric drive motor vehicle’ means
7 a motor vehicle—
8           ‘‘(1) which draws propulsion using a traction
9     battery with at least 4 kilowatt hours of capacity,
10           ‘‘(2) which uses an offboard source of energy to
11     recharge such battery,
12           ‘‘(3) which, in the case of a passenger vehicle
13     or light truck which has a gross vehicle weight rat-
14     ing of not more than 8,500 pounds, has received a
15     certificate of conformity under the Clean Air Act
16     and meets or exceeds the equivalent qualifying Cali-
17     fornia low emission vehicle standard under section
18     243(e)(2) of the Clean Air Act for that make and
19     model year, and
20                 ‘‘(A) in the case of a vehicle having a gross
21           vehicle weight rating of 6,000 pounds or less,
22           the Bin 5 Tier II emission standard established
23           in regulations prescribed by the Administrator
24           of the Environmental Protection Agency under
O:\AYO\AYO08C32.xml                                          S.L.C.
194
1             section 202(i) of the Clean Air Act for that
2             make and model year vehicle, and
3                   ‘‘(B) in the case of a vehicle having a gross
4             vehicle weight rating of more than 6,000
5             pounds but not more than 8,500 pounds, the
6             Bin 8 Tier II emission standard which is so es-
7             tablished,
8             ‘‘(4) the original use of which commences with
9        the taxpayer,
10             ‘‘(5) which is acquired for use or lease by the
11        taxpayer and not for resale, and
12             ‘‘(6) which is made by a manufacturer.

6 SEC. 207. ALTERNATIVE FUEL VEHICLE REFUELING PROP-
7               ERTY CREDIT.
8      (a) EXTENSION         CREDIT.—Paragraph (2) of sec-
OF
9 tion 30C(g) is amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2009’’
10 and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2010’’.
11      (b) INCLUSION        ELECTRICITY        CLEAN-BURN-
OF               AS A
12      FUEL.—Section 30C(c)(2) is amended by adding at
ING
13 the end the following new subparagraph:
14                 ‘‘(C) Electricity.’’.
15      (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by
16 this section shall apply to property placed in service after
17 the date of the enactment of this Act, in taxable years
18 ending after such date.

….and on the bicycle commute provisions:

15      (c) DEFINITIONS.—Paragraph (5) of section 132(f)
16 is amended by adding at the end the following:
17               ‘‘(F) DEFINITIONS   RELATED TO BICYCLE
18           COMMUTING REIMBURSEMENT.—
19                    ‘‘(i) QUALIFIED  BICYCLE COMMUTING
20                                         term ‘qualified bi-
REIMBURSEMENT.—The
21               cycle commuting reimbursement’ means,
22               with respect to any calendar year, any em-
23               ployer reimbursement during the 15-month
24               period beginning with the first day of such
25               calendar year for reasonable expenses in-
26               curred by the employee during such cal-
O:\AYO\AYO08C32.xml                                            S.L.C.
206
1                  endar year for the purchase of a bicycle
2                  and bicycle improvements, repair, and stor-
3                  age, if such bicycle is regularly used for
4                  travel between the employee’s residence
5                  and place of employment.
6                       ‘‘(ii) APPLICABLE       ANNUAL     LIMITA-
7                                  term ‘applicable annual limita-
TION.—The
8                  tion’ means, with respect to any employee
9                  for any calendar year, the product of $20
10                  multiplied by the number of qualified bicy-
11                  cle commuting months during such year.
12                       ‘‘(iii)    QUALIFIED      BICYCLE     COM-
13                                              term ‘qualified bi-
MUTING MONTH.—The
14                  cycle commuting month’ means, with re-
15                  spect to any employee, any month during
16                  which such employee—
17                              ‘‘(I) regularly uses the bicycle for
18                       a substantial portion of the travel be-
19                       tween the employee’s residence and
20                       place of employment, and
21                              ‘‘(II) does not receive any benefit
22                       described in subparagraph (A), (B),
23                       or (C) of paragraph (1).’’.